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Макферсон, Эль

Макферсон, Эль

Э́леанор Нэ́нси (Эль) Макфе́рсон (англ. Eleanor Nancy Macpherson [ˈɛl məkˈfɝːsən]; родилась 29 марта 1964, Кронулла, Новый Южный Уэльс, Австралия) — австралийская топ-модель, актриса и дизайнер. Рекордные шесть раз появлялась на обложке Sports Illustrated Swimsuit. Создала линию женского белья под собственным именем — «Elle Macpherson Intimates».

Макферсон владелa сетью ресторанов Fashion Cafe вместе с Наоми Кэмпбелл, Кристи Тарлингтон и Клаудией Шиффер. Основанная в Нью-Йорке в 1995 году итальянским антрепренёром Тамассо Бути, мужем топ-модели Даниэлы Пестовой, сеть Fashion Cafe обанкротилась и была закрыта в 1998 году.

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Andrew Wakefield

Andrew Wakefield

Andrew Jeremy Wakefield (born 3 September 1956) is an English fraudster, anti-vaccine activist, and former senior surgeon. He was struck off the medical register for "serious professional misconduct" due to his involvement in the fraudulent 1998 Lancet MMR autism study that falsely claimed a link between the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and autism.

The publicity surrounding the study caused a sharp decline in vaccination uptake, leading to a number of outbreaks of measles around the world and many deaths as a result. He was a surgeon on the liver transplant programme at the Royal Free Hospital in London, and became a senior lecturer and honorary consultant in experimental gastroenterology at the Royal Free and University College School of Medicine. He resigned from his positions there in 2001 "by mutual agreement", then moved to the United States. In 2004, Wakefield co-founded and began working at the Thoughtful House research centre (later renamed the Johnson Center for Child Health and Development) in Austin, Texas. He served as executive director of the centre until February 2010, when he resigned in the wake of findings against him by the British General Medical Council which had struck him off their register. He has subsequently become known for his anti-vaccination activism.

Wakefield published his 1998 paper on autism in the British medical journal The Lancet, claiming to have identified a novel form of enterocolitis linked to autism. However, other researchers were unable to reproduce his findings, and a 2004 investigation by Sunday Times reporter Brian Deer identified undisclosed financial conflicts of interest on Wakefield's part. Wakefield reportedly stood to earn up to $43 million per year selling test kits. Most of Wakefield's co-authors then withdrew their support for the study's interpretations, and the General Medical Council (GMC) conducted an inquiry into allegations of misconduct against Wakefield and two former colleagues, focusing on Deer's findings.

In 2010, the GMC found that Wakefield had been dishonest in his research, had acted against patients' best interests, mistreated developmentally delayed children, and had "failed in his duties as a responsible consultant". The Lancet fully retracted Wakefield's 1998 publication on the basis of the GMC's findings, noting that elements of the manuscript had been falsified and that the journal had been "deceived" by Wakefield. Three months later, Wakefield was struck off the UK medical register, in part for his deliberate falsification of research published in The Lancet. In a related legal decision, a British court held that "[t]here is now no respectable body of opinion which supports [Wakefield's] hypothesis, that MMR vaccine and autism/enterocolitis are causally linked".

In 2016, Wakefield directed the anti-vaccination film Vaxxed: From Cover-Up to Catastrophe.

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Макферсон, Эль

Макферсон, Эль
 

Arpad Busson

André Arpad Busson (born 27 January 1963) is a French hedge fund manager, investor, and philanthropist. Busson started working in hedge funds in 1986 in New York. He is the founder and chairman of the EIM Group, a fund of funds company. Busson is also active in a number of philanthropic causes around the globe. According to the French business magazine Challenges, he had a net worth of €500 million in 2013.

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Макферсон, Эль

Макферсон, Эль
 

Kevin Costner

Kevin Costner

Kevin Costner (Lynnwood, Califòrnia, 1955) és un actor, productor i director estatunidenc. Per la direcció de Ballant amb llops va ser guardonat amb dos Oscars i un Globus d'Or.

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